With the ongoing economic downturn, more and more homes and properties face foreclosure over the past year or two than ever before. Besides the poor economy overall, the biggest factor is the sub-prime lending spree of the past few years that created ballooning payments and allowed people to enter into mortgages that they couldn’t manage and shouldn’t have been given.

A foreclosure is legal proceeding in which the holder of a mortgage, or other lien holder, usually a lender, obtains a court ordered termination of the agreement and takes possession of the property.

When someone takes out a home loan or mortgage, the bank or lender gets a security interest from the borrower, in essence pledging the house or property as security for the loan. If they default on the payment terms, the bank or lender can try to repossess, or foreclose on the property.

While the main reason for foreclosure is failure to pay the mortgage note or loan, it isn’t the only reason. Property tax that hasn’t been paid, overdue HOA dues or assessments, even unpaid contractor bills are all problems than can lead to a foreclosure action.

The foreclosure process as it relates to a residential mortgage loan happens when the bank or other secured creditor takes possession of the property after the owner has failed to comply with the mortgage agreement. Most commonly, this is happens as a failure to meet payment of the home loan.

In foreclosure, the lender can opt to try and sell the property and keep the proceeds to pay off its mortgage and any legal costs. When this happens, this is considered as a lender foreclosing on the mortgage or loan. While there are some legal remedies, it is obviously much better to avoid going into foreclosure to begin with.